CLASS IX Is Matter Around Us Pure

Difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation                                                                                

                             Distillation is a process of separating the component substances from a liquid mixtures by selective vaporization and condensation. Distillation may result in essentially complete separation (nearly pure components), or it may be a partial separation that increases the concentration of selected components of the mixture. In either case the process exploits differences in the volatility of mixture's components

 Simple distillationpure but rather its composition is identical to the composition of the vapors at the given temperature and pressure. Simple distillation is effective only when the liquid boiling points differ greatly (25 °C) or when separating liquids from non-volatile solids or oils.

Fractional distillation 

Fractional distillation must be used in ied is heated, its vapors rise to the fractionating column. As it rises, it cools, condensing on the condenser walls and the surfaces of the packing materialorder to separate the components by repeated vaporization-condensation cycles within a packed fractionating column. This separation, by successive distillations, is also referred to as rectification  as the solution to be purif. Here, the condensate continues to be heated by the rising hot vapors; it vaporizes once more . Each vaporization-condensation cycle will yield a purer solution of the more volatile component.                       

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